Saffron Plant

Saffron Plant , with the scientific name “Crocus sativus”, is a herbaceous perennial plant from the family Iridaceae with no stems, which has a bulb-like corm.

It has shiny narrow long green leaves, and a beautiful vivid purple flower. The perianth consists of three petals and three sepals of the same shape and color.

There are three stamens inside the flower, each consisting of a yellow anther and a short white filament.

The gynoecium consists of an ovary with three swollen chambers and a long narrow style 5 to 8 cm long, most of whose white part changes color upwards gradually from straw-like color to yellow and orange until it reaches the three-pronged stigma. And the three-pronged stigma with a deep red color has a length of 2 to 3 cm and sometimes longer.

Each prong of the stigma has an appearance similar to a bugle or a narrow tall conoid. Each prong of the stigma, in the dry state, is 1.5 to 2.5 cm, and its diameter about 2 to 3 mm in the area attached to the style, and about 1 to 1.7 mm at the final toothed part.